feat: implement feature parity with jsonpath-js 0.3.0

[netjordanlee]

Added the pathSegments() method to JsonPath mirroring the only additional feature added in jsonpath-js:0.3.0.

Summary of changes

• Refactored the Node class and related functions to use an array for the path property instead of a string.
• Updated the JsonPath class:
  • Modified the paths() method to return stringified paths using convert_path_segment_to_string method.
  • Added a new pathSegments() method to return path segments as arrays (excluding the root).
• Modified the run function to initialize the root node path as an array.
• Updated node creation and path extension logic in types/node.php to work with array-based paths.
• Adjusted related tests in TraverseDescendantTest.php to use array paths.

[loilo]

Please preserve the pre-existing formatting (tab indentation) in all your edits. If your IDE supports the .editorconfig file which is in the project root, it should do so on its own.
I need this to be done before properly reviewing the PR again as currently, the diff is mostly a big blob of whitespace noise.

[netjordanlee]

I had an extension in my editor that was unfortunately superseding this and converting the whitespace on save. This should be fixed now.

[loilo]

I had to make some adjustments, but couldn't push them back into your PR, so I did those as a separate PR (#5) which includes your changes.

All of this has been published as v0.3.0.

There has been a small breaking change to the paths() method from v0.2.0 which has been documented in the releases.

Thanks for your work on this! 🙂